Ingliz tili attestatsiya №12

1. Read the text. Then choose the correct answer for each question below. Snow is composed of ice crystals. These crystals fall from clouds in cold weather when the air is too cold to melt the ice crystals into rain. In most of the world outside the very hot tropics, most rain starts to fall as snow but melts to rain on the way down. The heaviest snowfalls occur when the air temperature is close to the freezing point at 32°F. For this reason, more snow falls on the northern United States than at the North Pole because it is too cold at the North Pole for snow to fall. Snow can be as much as 90 percent air. For this reason, snow helps to keep the ground warm and protect some plants from extreme cold. Because so much of the snow is composed of air, it takes about ten inches of snow to equal the amount of water in one inch of rain. All snowflakes are six-sided crystals, with some occasional needles or columns. One farmer and amateur scientist photographed thousands of snowflakes through a microscope. He was trying to find two identical flakes. Neither he nor anyone else ever has. Snow often melts slowly because the white color reflects sunlight away. The most snow in a single storm in the United States was 189 inches. It occurred at Mount Shasta, California, in February 1959. Antarctica is buried in an average of two-and-a half miles of snow.  About how much air is in snow?

2. Choose the correct answer. Who … this phone number? - Sorry, I can’t tell.

3. Choose the best answer. The politician about … lifestyle there has been a lot of speculation recently has handed in his resignation.

4. Choose the correct answer. At last I . . . the key that was lost yesterday.

5. Thanksgiving is a holiday celebrated predominantly in North America, and it possesses a different meaning in each of the countries where it's acknowledged. In the United States, Thanksgiving is a federal holiday (meaning all government employees and most private employees are given a day off of work), and always takes places on the Fourth Thursday in November, regardless of the date. The holiday signifies the immense progress made by pilgrims, or some of the first travelers to North America, at Plymouth Plantation circa 1621. It was at this time that the hungry and weary Pilgrims were taught (by Native Americans) how to grow and produce food on North America's unique terrain. Once they'd grown (and caught) an abundance of food, the Pilgrims were expectedly thankful, and they celebrated alongside the Native Americans who provided them with such valuable assistance. President Abraham Lincoln initiated the contemporary practice of Thanksgiving by calling for a "day of Thanksgiving" during one of his Civil War addresses. In America today, Thanksgiving remains firmly engrained in its historical roots, and is widely considered to be a day for giving thanks for good food, good times, and family. Thanksgiving dinner generally consists of turkey, mashed potatoes, stuffing, vegetables, gravy, and ample desserts. To be sure, indulging in abundance is a cornerstone of the holiday, as doing so could only be possible if one possesses abundance. Which event(s) began the tradition of Thanksgiving?

6. Choose the answer which correctly completes the sentence. One of the . . . from Italy.

7. Choose the answer which correctly completes the sentence. Raining non-stop could have caused . . . .

8. Read the text and answer the questions according to it. She liked flowers. At least, he remembered somebody telling him that she liked roses. Unfortunately, at that time of year roses were very hard to find, and anyway, even if he did find them he wouldn’t be able to afford them. No roses and going out to a good restaurant. So he had got some tulips. It wasn’t sure if tulips were the right things to bring, and also while he was travelling in the bus several people bumped into him and the flowers were damaged. He felt uncomfortable in his borrowed coat, and even though Mike had promised him that it was almost a perfect fit he felt that the sleeves were too long. He checked in his pocket again to make sure he had her address. He still was not sure why she had given it to him. For a few minutes he thought about giving the whole thing up, going home. But he knew that this chance would not come again, and he would hate himself if he did not take it. Slowly, he walked through the rain to her street. This text seems to have come from . . .

9. Choose the best answer. After … it with her, I’ve changed my mind.

10. Read the text and answer the questions below. The polar bear makes its home in the cold and icy Arctic. Other animals might freeze or starve. But the polar bear knows how to live in the snow.
Polar bears have thick blubber, or fat, that protects them from the cold. They also have a thick fur coat. The polar bear’s coat is white. This allows it to blend into the snow. That way, the polar bear can sneak up on its prey. Polar bears swim well.
They eat seals, walruses, small whales, and rodents. In the summer, they may eat berries.
Polar bears will also eat people. They may look cute and furry, but be careful of this big bear! Which of the following do polar bears not eat?

11. Read the text. Then choose the correct answer for each question below
Salt is a type of mineral. Adding a little salt to food can bring out the food’s natural avor. It can also be used to preserve food. Not only does salt improve our diets, it is essential to our health. Our muscles need it to move. Our hearts need it to beat. Even the brain and nerves need salt to communicate and function properly. If we do not get enough salt, the systems in our bodies do not work well. We might get tired, and our thinking might slow down. Our muscles might get sore, or we might even get headaches. Eating salt helps our bodies and minds work better.
However, just as too much salt can ruin the avor of food, it can also harm our bodies. Scientists say that too much salt can cause high blood pressure. This is dangerous because it can lead to heart problems. And because people tend to like the taste of salty food, heart problems are becoming more common.
Salt is an important mineral that our bodies need. We can’t live without it. However, it is wise to pay attention to the amount of salt in your diet if you care about your health.

Which does NOT occur when you don’t get enough salt?

12. Read the text. Then choose the correct answer for each question below
Salt is a type of mineral. Adding a little salt to food can bring out the food’s natural avor. It can also be used to preserve food. Not only does salt improve our diets, it is essential to our health. Our muscles need it to move. Our hearts need it to beat. Even the brain and nerves need salt to communicate and function properly. If we do not get enough salt, the systems in our bodies do not work well. We might get tired, and our thinking might slow down. Our muscles might get sore, or we might even get headaches. Eating salt helps our bodies and minds work better.
However, just as too much salt can ruin the avor of food, it can also harm our bodies. Scientists say that too much salt can cause high blood pressure. This is dangerous because it can lead to heart problems. And because people tend to like the taste of salty food, heart problems are becoming more common.
Salt is an important mineral that our bodies need. We can’t live without it. However, it is wise to pay attention to the amount of salt in your diet if you care about your health.

Which part of the body can be harmed by too much salt?

13. Read the text and answer the questions according to it.
With wings that can stretch to almost three metres long, the California condor is the largest flying
bird found in America. The huge condor is mostly black with big white wing patterns. It has no feathers on its head. It is a scavenger, which means it eats dead animals. Unlike its close relative, the vulture, which is rare, the California condor finds food by sight rather than by smell. The California condor is also an endangered bird. This means it is rare and needs help to survive. These birds became rare because the dead animals they feed on often contain lead, a kind of metal, which is dangerous for the birds. Today, there are only about 230 California condors left in the wild. Scientists are working hard to make sure these birds survive.

All of the following statements are TRUE about the California condor, EXCEPT . . . .

14. Choose the correct answer. When the fire began at 4:00 AM, most people in the house . . . in their beds.

15. Choose the correct answer. From the marked areas 1, 2, 3 and 4, identify the one that is wrong. The Spanish(1) would(2) have a lot of military ships(3) during(4) the war.

16. Choose the correct answer. Their car …… in front of their house just now

17. In 2006, the Winter Olympics were held in Italy. People from all over the world came to try to win the games. They came in cars. They came on trains. Some came in buses.
Others came in planes. Some of them came to ski. Others came to skate. Some came to play hockey. Others came to snowboard. They came hoping to win gold medals. They wanted to take them back to their homes. They were hoping to show their parents and friends how good they were. Each of them came hoping that they would be the best.
Most of the people worked for four years to go to the Olympics. Each of them trained to be the best they could be. Some got medals. Others did not. They worked hard, and they raced hard. They also played hard. The best of the best got to take home the gold.

A synonym is a word that means the same thing. Hoping means to . . .

18. Choose the correct answer.He was the last person . . . the hall.

19. Choose the correct answer. How many flats ... at so far?

20. Read the text and answer the questions according to it.

Every day, a fisherman sat on a bridge. He threw the seeds into the water. He had a simple way to catch fish. He cut a branch off a tree and tied a plain string to it. He put a sharp hook on it. Then he whispered, "Come here fish." Like magic, the fish bit the hook. He took the fish home to make a big pot of fish soup from them. One day, another man walked up to him. He said, "My name is George. I am staying at the hotel. I bet that I am a better fisherman than you. I will accompany you today. I want to prove my skill." The fisherman cast his string. George had a lot of electronic tools. One machine showed him the locations of fish. The other machine could weigh the fish. At the end of the day, George subtracted his fish from the fisherman’s. The fisherman had beaten him by forty-seven. George was shocked. The fisherman told George, "I am patient and I believe in myself. Take a breath, and try it in my way."

According to the passage, what did the fisherman do with the fish after he had caught them?

21. Read the text and answer the questions according to it.
In old times, the first almanac was a chart showing the movements of the stars for a period of several years. Later almanacs were printed in a book form and included information which was especially useful to farmers. In the sixteenth century, almanacs began to be issued every year and included predictions of the weather.
At about the same time, almanacs included
calendars listing holidays. In the seventeenth century, almanacs included jokes. Benjamin Franklin continued this tradition with "Poor Richard’s Almanac", which was published in 1732-1758. In Germany, the almanacs of the eighteenth century included poems by authors. The almanacs printed in the United States from
1835-1856 were called "Davy Crockett" almanacs. They were different from other almanacs, as they had many long tales.

According to the passage, what was the difference between "Davy Crockett" almanacs and others?

22. From the marked areas 1, 2, 3 and 4, identify the one that is wrong. Many (1) people dream about (2) what they would do with their (3) money if they win (4) the lottery.

23. - James Smith wasn’t at home at 10 o’clock yesterday.- ... .

24. If I lived in the country, I a lot of farm animals.

25. “She a famous writer one day”. “Yes, I think you are right”.

26. ". . . sin towards our fellow creatures is not to hate but to be indifferent to them", said Ernest Hemingway.

27. - Is there any difference between English spoken in the United Kingdom and that of India? -Of course, there is: in vocabulary, pronunciation and meaning of some words.

28. Where will the new hotel be . . . ?

29. .....they need is a big fridge in their kitchen.

30. I was so relieved when I found my keys. I ... for them all morning.

31. He insisted ... being paid the full sum.

32. It was a really long trip. You be tired now.

33. The flowers would grow much better if you . . .them regularly.

34. .....were you all night? I was really worried about you.

35. He promised, “I will do it tomorrow.”

36. - Is the soup ?- No, it isn’t. It is cold.

37. Those are glasses.

38. A brief outline of the course and bibliography were handed ... to the students at the first meeting.

39. Are you talking to ?

40. I am accustomed to care of myself.