Ingliz tili attestatsiya №12

1. Choose the correct answer. It has been a long time since we ... each other at a wonderful city of Los Angeles.

2. Read the text. Then choose the correct answer for each question below. Snow is composed of ice crystals. These crystals fall from clouds in cold weather when the air is too cold to melt the ice crystals into rain. In most of the world outside the very hot tropics, most rain starts to fall as snow but melts to rain on the way down. The heaviest snowfalls occur when the air temperature is close to the freezing point at 32°F. For this reason, more snow falls on the northern United States than at the North Pole because it is too cold at the North Pole for snow to fall. Snow can be as much as 90 percent air. For this reason, snow helps to keep the ground warm and protect some plants from extreme cold. Because so much of the snow is composed of air, it takes about ten inches of snow to equal the amount of water in one inch of rain. All snowflakes are six-sided crystals, with some occasional needles or columns. One farmer and amateur scientist photographed thousands of snowflakes through a microscope. He was trying to find two identical flakes. Neither he nor anyone else ever has. Snow often melts slowly because the white color reflects sunlight away. The most snow in a single storm in the United States was 189 inches. It occurred at Mount Shasta, California, in February 1959. Antarctica is buried in an average of two-and-a half miles of snow.  About how much air is in snow?

3. Choose the correct answer.Trevor and Laura booked a table for dinner. But the restaurant was empty. They ... a table.

4. Choose the correct answer. At last I . . . the key that was lost yesterday.

5. The Statue of Liberty, arguably one of New York City's most iconic symbols, is a popular tourist attraction for first-time visitors to the city. This 150-foot monument was gifted to the United States from France in order to celebrate 100 years of America's independence. The statue is located on Liberty Island, and it is accessible by taking a ferry from either Battery Park in New York City or Liberty State Park in Jersey City. When Claire visited the Statue of Liberty for the first time, she instantly admired it as a symbol of freedom. Claire made sure to make reservations before her visit because only 240 people are permitted to climb the staircase to the top of the statue every day. After climbing almost 400 stairs, Claire received spectacular views of the city from the statue's crown. During her visit, Claire learned that the Statue of Liberty was not always the color that it is now. She found out that because the statue's exterior is made of copper, the statue oxidized over time, giving it the greenish appearance it has in present day. When it was first constructed, the statue was the same color as a shiny penny! After touring the Statue of Liberty, Claire spent the rest of the day in New York City visiting other important monuments and historic landmarks. Claire left New York hoping to have had the time to explore more sites, but she can't wait to return to the city in the future. How many people are permitted to climb the statue's stairs per day?

6. Thanksgiving is a holiday celebrated predominantly in North America, and it possesses a different meaning in each of the countries where it's acknowledged. In the United States, Thanksgiving is a federal holiday (meaning all government employees and most private employees are given a day off of work), and always takes places on the Fourth Thursday in November, regardless of the date. The holiday signifies the immense progress made by pilgrims, or some of the first travelers to North America, at Plymouth Plantation circa 1621. It was at this time that the hungry and weary Pilgrims were taught (by Native Americans) how to grow and produce food on North America's unique terrain. Once they'd grown (and caught) an abundance of food, the Pilgrims were expectedly thankful, and they celebrated alongside the Native Americans who provided them with such valuable assistance. President Abraham Lincoln initiated the contemporary practice of Thanksgiving by calling for a "day of Thanksgiving" during one of his Civil War addresses. In America today, Thanksgiving remains firmly engrained in its historical roots, and is widely considered to be a day for giving thanks for good food, good times, and family. Thanksgiving dinner generally consists of turkey, mashed potatoes, stuffing, vegetables, gravy, and ample desserts. To be sure, indulging in abundance is a cornerstone of the holiday, as doing so could only be possible if one possesses abundance. When is Thanksgiving celebrated in the US?

7. Choose the answer which correctly completes the sentence. Ben is spending his money very quickly. If he continues like this, he…all his money before the end of his holiday.

8. Read the text and answer the questions according to it. These days many people often eat convenient food. This means food which is already prepared, in packets or cans, or often frozen. This type of food is considered dangerous as it often contains a lot of fat or sugar. If people eat a lot of sugar, people might get holes in their teeth. Similarly, if people eat a lot of fat, this is bad for their hearts. The best food is fresh, natural food such as fruit and vegetables. Instead of frying food in fat, people should boil it or eat it raw, as in salads. Food which has been boiled often contains many vitamins. These vitamins are often destroyed in the process of cooking. According to the passage, why is convenient food considered not safe?

9. Choose the best answer. A: Must I always pay my rent by cheque? B: No, … . Pay it however you want to.

10. Choose the best answer. There was hardly … wind, just as a slight breeze.

11. Read the text. Then choose the correct answer for each question below

Forests can be found all around the world. There are many different plants and animals that use the forest as their home. In the forest, small animals eat the fruits, nuts, mushrooms, and insects. They race around from tree to tree and jump from branch to branch. Larger animals eat smaller animals. Other animals eat seeds and shrubs. Even though most animals are scared of humans, they are never far away. An ant, bat, robin, snake, deer, or turkey may be hiding among the leaves.
They may be sitting in the trees. They might be running on the ground.
Many different types of trees live in the forest. Trees drop their leaves during the fall to save water on the floor of the forest.
The soil is made up of fallen leaves, dirt, and animals that have died. After the animals and plants die, their bodies break down. This makes the earth rich with nutrients.
Forests are fun places to visit. A person who wants to see and hear the real sounds of the forest must sit quietly and listen with his or her eyes and ears.

If you were to close your eyes in the forest, which one of these sounds might you hear?

12. Complete the sentence with correct answer. Jack was born ….

13. Read the text and answer the questions according to it.
Reptiles have been around for millions of years and once were the most common vertebrate animals
on Earth. Today, reptiles are divided into four main groups: turtles and tortoises; lizards and snakes; crocodiles and alligators; and the tuatara. A tuatara looks like a lizard, but it isn’t. It’s a species left over from a group of reptiles as old as dinosaurs. It is the closest thing to a living dinosaur. Tuataras live only in New Zealand and are in danger of becoming extinct.
Some reptiles spend most of their time in water. But most species live on land. All have scaly skin to protect them. Reptiles are found in all habitats except polar ice in the Arctic and the tundra.
Reptiles usually lay their eggs in nests or holes dug in the ground. But some snakes, like rattlesnakes, let the eggs hatch inside the body and give birth to live babies. Female crocodiles are very good mothers. They guard the nest and even help the hatchlings get a start in life. Some snakes do this, too. But most reptiles lay their eggs and leave. The hatchlings, which are perfect miniature copies of their parents, are on their own.

One can find reptiles everywhere Except . . . .

14. Choose the correct answer. The boss said, “It’s time we began planning our work.”

15. Read the passage below and answer the questions Did you know that there are over 1,000,000 different species, or types, of animals? With so many species, scientists have to find a way to sort them into groups. Two of the main groups are vertebrates and invertebrates.
Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone. Humans are in this group. Also in this group are whales, monkeys, birds, and frogs. Just about any pet you have in your home is a vertebrate. Dogs, cats, goldfish, hamsters, and snakes are vertebrates.
Invertebrates have no backbone. Many of them live in the ocean. Clams, jellyfish, squids, and octopuses are invertebrates. Those that live on land are spiders, worms, and insects.
Scientists are finding new species of animals every day. Every one of them can be put into one of these two groups
Which of the animals below would fit into the category of invertebrates?

16. Choose the correct answer. I am going to have my brother … the car because I must do my homework now.

17. In 2006, the Winter Olympics were held in Italy. People from all over the world came to try to win the games. They came in cars. They came on trains. Some came in buses.
Others came in planes. Some of them came to ski. Others came to skate. Some came to play hockey. Others came to snowboard. They came hoping to win gold medals. They wanted to take them back to their homes. They were hoping to show their parents and friends how good they were. Each of them came hoping that they would be the best.
Most of the people worked for four years to go to the Olympics. Each of them trained to be the best they could be. Some got medals. Others did not. They worked hard, and they raced hard. They also played hard. The best of the best got to take home the gold.

What guess can we make about the people who came to the Olympics?

18. Choose the correct answer. You must believe in . . . own abilities.

19. Choose the correct answer. The newspaper as well as radio ... a powerful means of propaganda.

20. Read the text and answer the questions according to it

Pepperoni is often put on a pizza. It is actually a type of cured sausage made from beef. "Cured" means salty to protect against bacteria which are dangerous for people. Sometimes cured sausages are made of turkey or chicken to reduce both fat and calories. Pepperoni is mixed with red pepper or other spices and takes a reddish colour. It is typically cut in small, thin circles. The word "pepperoni" means "big peppers" in Italian, though pepperoni has nothing to do with Italy. Its actual origin is not known yet. However, it is believed to be invented in America, likely in one of the original pizzerias in New York City. What is clear however, is that pepperoni is America’s favourite pizza topping.

All of the following statements are TRUE about pepperoni, EXCEPT ... .

21. Read the text and answer the questions according to it.
Many people like to eat pizza, but not everyone knows how to make it. Making the perfect pizza can be complicated, but there are lots of ways to make a more basic version at home.
When you make pizza, you must begin with the crust. If you want to make the crust yourself, you will have to make dough using flour, and water. Then make the dough with your hands.
If you do not have enough time to do this, you can use a prepared crust that you buy from the store. Then you must add the sauce. Making your own sauce can take a long time and is a bit difficult.
You have to buy tomatoes, peel them, and then cook them with spices at home. Or you can also purchase a jar of sauce from the store.
Now that you have your crust and your sauce, you need to add the cheese and then you can add different toppings. Some people like to put meat on their pizza, while other people like to add vegetables. Some people even like to add pineapple!

According to the text, which word means the opposite of "complicated"?

22. Choose the correct answer. The exhibition wasn’t so ... as we hoped to see.

23. I am accustomed to care of myself.

24. Where will the new hotel be . . . ?

25. .....were you all night? I was really worried about you.

26. He promised, “I will do it tomorrow.”

27. I was so relieved when I found my keys. I ... for them all morning.

28. - James Smith wasn’t at home at 10 o’clock yesterday.- ... .

29. .....they need is a big fridge in their kitchen.

30. If I lived in the country, I a lot of farm animals.

31. ". . . sin towards our fellow creatures is not to hate but to be indifferent to them", said Ernest Hemingway.

32. It was a really long trip. You be tired now.

33. A brief outline of the course and bibliography were handed ... to the students at the first meeting.

34. Those are glasses.

35. “She a famous writer one day”. “Yes, I think you are right”.

36. He insisted ... being paid the full sum.

37. The flowers would grow much better if you . . .them regularly.

38. Are you talking to ?

39. - Is the soup ?- No, it isn’t. It is cold.

40. - Is there any difference between English spoken in the United Kingdom and that of India? -Of course, there is: in vocabulary, pronunciation and meaning of some words.